In the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, major tech companies are increasingly focusing their attention on Washington, D.C., to shape the regulatory environment. OpenAI and Microsoft are actively lobbying, while Amazon strategically observes the regulatory landscape.

OpenAI's Growing Presence

OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, has significantly increased its presence in Washington. Recognizing AI's importance in economic and national security, OpenAI is urging policymakers to support the AI industry. The company is advocating for the development of technology and energy infrastructure to support AI development, positioning itself as a key player in the competition with China. Chris Lehane, OpenAI's head of global affairs, emphasizes the transformative nature of this "third era of the digital economy."

To bolster its influence, OpenAI has hired several D.C. insiders, including Aaron "Ronnie" Chatterji, who previously served as White House CHIPS coordinator and the Commerce Department's chief economist. Lobbying firms such as Hogan Lovells and Miller Strategies have also been enlisted to represent OpenAI's interests. Despite these efforts, OpenAI's lobbying footprint remains smaller than that of other tech giants. In 2024, OpenAI spent $1.76 million on government lobbying, a significant increase from the $260,000 spent in 2023. In comparison, Meta spent over $24 million in 2024.

In 2023, CEO Sam Altman visited Washington multiple times to address concerns about AI's potential negative impacts and to advocate for regulation that ensures safety and fairness. While the focus on regulation has shifted, OpenAI is now focused on securing federal support and promoting its energy infrastructure plan. OpenAI has also entered into partnerships with the Department of Defense, including a commercial partnership with the Air Force Research Lab and a collaboration with Anduril to supply AI to the U.S. military.

Microsoft's Active Lobbying

Microsoft, a major commercial partner of OpenAI, is also actively involved in Washington's policy discussions. The company has been advocating for safety restrictions and licensing requirements that could favor companies with powerful AI models. Microsoft spent $10.4 million on lobbying in 2024. Microsoft is also a member of BSA | The Software Alliance, a lobbying group that OpenAI joined to expand its influence in Washington. BSA has been a prominent voice in discussions regarding AI regulation.

Amazon's Strategic Observation

While OpenAI and Microsoft are actively lobbying, Amazon appears to be taking a more observational approach, while still ensuring its voice is heard. Amazon is participating in responsible AI forums, including the White House initiative, to promote safe, secure, and trustworthy AI. Amazon emphasizes a risk-based approach to AI regulation, focusing on regulating harmful uses of AI.

Amazon is also advocating for policies that support its AI strategy, including investments in energy infrastructure, access to cloud and chip resources, workforce development, and federal AI adoption. The company is urging the White House to lead global efforts in AI by promoting regulatory interoperability through international standards. Amazon is also investing heavily in AI infrastructure, committing $5 billion to data centers in Ohio and $11 billion in Georgia.

The Regulatory Landscape

The AI regulatory landscape in the U.S. is still evolving. Currently, there is no comprehensive federal legislation directly regulating AI development or use. However, several states are considering AI regulations, prompting tech companies to push for federal rules that would preempt state laws. The Trump administration is expected to unveil an "AI Action Plan" to promote a pro-growth AI policy. Senator Ted Cruz, chair of the Senate Commerce Committee, is planning to introduce a "light-touch" bill that would create a "regulatory sandbox for AI." The Department of Commerce has also initiated a rescission of the Biden Administration's AI Diffusion Rule.

Several leading AI companies, including Amazon, Google, Meta, Microsoft, and OpenAI, have voluntarily committed to promote the safe, secure, and transparent development of AI technology. These commitments include security testing of AI systems before release, sharing information on managing AI risks, and investing in safeguards.

As AI continues to advance, the involvement of these tech giants in Washington, D.C., will likely intensify as they seek to shape the future of AI regulation and ensure their continued leadership in this transformative technology.